PGD (PRE-IMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS)
Refers to genetic profiling of embryos prior to implantation. In other words test for the gene before the procedure. PGD is used to screen for a specific genetic disease. Usually before completing the PGD procedures, the inherited disease that the couple carries is diagnosed. However in certain cases were either wife or husband carries a genetic disease, we offer screening for that specific Inherited Disease. This is usually completed before PGD and IVF-ICSI without the need to prolong the IVF-ICSI cycle.
PGS (PRE-IMPLANTATION GENETIC SCREENING)
Pre- implantation screening is indicated in advanced maternal age-repeated implantation failure, recurrent miscarriages and severe male infertility. Here, embryo screening is performed on all embryos to check for any chromosomal abnormalities. All the 24 chromosomes are screened to check for aneuploidy. The rate of aneuploidy increases with increases maternal age and usually more than 60% of pregnancy loss or IVF failures is attributed to aneuploidy. The reason for implantation failure for these embryos could be missing or additional chromosomes.
It is also possible using this technique to know the gender of the embryos and it would be possible as well to prevent trisomies such as Down syndrome, Edward’s syndrome and Patau’s syndrome.